Category Archives: Canadian history

An Unsung Chinese Canadian: Yick Wong

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Andrew R.S. Marchese As Canadians continue to reflect on the centennial of the 1923 Chinese Immigration Act (Exclusion Act), growing attention is being paid to the everyday, untold stories of those who resisted its harsh impact. Likewise, there has been a hunger for historical figures that highlight complexities and intersectional identities in both a community and national-historical context. Among the… Read more »

Saying Yes to the (Royal) Dress

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Black-and-white photograph of Queen Elizabeth stepping out of an automobile wearing a long dress and tiara. A man in a tail coat, wearing a sword, is greeting her while a Mountie in uniform salutes.

The case of the Queen’s Dress illustrates the strength of some Canadians’ fascination with royal clothing and the messages it can send. To Elizabeth Delafield, the dress was an inspiring souvenir of a magical moment. To federal officials, including archivist Gustave Lanctôt, it recalled an important episode in Canada’s constitutional evolution, the first time a reigning monarch had presided in Parliament. For the ROM’s C.T. Currelly, it commemorated Canada’s war contributions, but mainly contributed to an ambitious collections and exhibition project on historical clothing.  The fight over the frock also revealed the divisions and jealousies among Canada’s emerging heritage institutions, whose mandates were, as yet, broadly defined and sometimes overlapping. Sleeveless though it was, the Queen’s Dress inspired custodians of the nation’s memory to put their elbows up – if only to assert or defend their own institutional turf.

Lessons from the Past: How Mark Carney and the Liberals Can Tackle Housing Challenges in First Nations with a Renewed Focus on Building Homes and Reconciliation

A black-and-white copy of a house blueprint. It is a modest one-and-a-half story home with a little porch. The cladding is labeled "1X8 rustic". The roof is labeled "shingles". A feature on the roof is labeled "ventilator." The whole image is labeled "perspective view."

The Indigenous and Northern Housing plan within Canada’s current National Housing Strategy is a good start, but it does not go nearly far enough to meet the long-standing housing needs of First Nations communities. With the new Liberal platform prioritizing the rapid development of affordable and sustainable homes, Prime Minister Mark Carney has a chance to begin remedying some of the historical and ongoing injustices that First Nations peoples encounter regarding housing on reserves. This can be accomplished by integrating the AFN’s proposal into the National Housing Strategy, providing a streamlined process for First Nations to benefit, and working directly with First Nations to meet the specific needs of each community, steering clear of the paternalistic dynamics that have largely fueled the housing crisis experienced by First Nations communities throughout Canada.

How Do We Reflect on Our Past Without Knowing It?: YWCA Canada, Residential Schools, and Indian Hospitals

Black and white photo of two teenage girls bent over a table, working with fabric.

Our findings are not unique to YWCA Canada. We know that similar work in Residential Schools and Indian Hospitals was carried out by service organizations and philanthropic societies across Canada. We believe our report joins the important work of many others who seek to move the history and ongoing impact of Residentials Schools and Indian Hospitals beyond the narrow scope allowed by the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement.

Twisted Truth: Understanding Robert Carney’s Legacy and Confronting the Dangers of Denialism

Head shot of Robert Carney wearing a suit and glasses.

Overall, we believe that Canadians can, and should, scrutinize Robert Carney’s past views on schooling for Indigenous Peoples, press Mark Carney to clarify his commitment to truth and reconciliation, and challenge the twisting of truth by residential school denialists. Doing all of these things can demonstrate truth and reconciliation leadership and help build a more honourable future. Unlike the denialists, then, our task is to guide public understanding with nuanced, historical work that promotes empathy, understanding, healing, and justice.

Canadian History in Entirely Precedented Times

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By Jacob Richard “Show patriotism by supporting the Hudson’s Bay Company,” declares a recent letter to the editor in the Vancouver Sun. Lamenting the news that the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) is on the verge of financial collapse, the letter writer argues that there is “nothing more tragic to becoming the 51st state than to see the Hudson’s Bay close… Read more »

Understanding the Tools We Have and Rethinking the Tools We Need in Ontario’s Heritage Industry

Three men standing in front of a large, brown stone historic home. They are standing around a sign that says "The Brown Homestead 1317 Pelham Road."

By educating the public about heritage designation, incorporating heritage into urban planning, and connecting with our wider communities, we can cultivate a brighter future for Ontario’s heritage industry.

Ontario’s Bill 23 and Upheaval in the Heritage Industry

Black and white photo of children standing on a dirt road. Behind them, a line of detached homes extends into the distance.

Heritage gives texture to our shared sense of place, belonging, and local identity.

“Encouraging the Behaviour We Want to Encourage”: Faded Promises of Security in Toronto Public Housing

Colour photo of a city street corner with a police car marked "Metro Police" in the midground. Labeled "City of Toronto Archives, Series 1465, File 169, Item 144."

In what seemed to some MTHA workers a bizarre self-fulfilling prophecy of failure on the matter, MTHA also took it upon itself to modify the behaviour of all residents. Toward that end, it hired the criminologist and security “expert” Clifford D. Shearing to write a pilot study on how to solve MTHA security problems.

A Perception of Learned Helplessness: The Jane-Finch Neighborhood Versus Pessimism and Conflict at Toronto Public Housing

Colour photograph of a city landscape from high above. A lake is visible on the horizon.

In correspondence with North York Mayor Mel Lastman, Sheila Mascoll accused the mayor of the sort of neglect of and insensitivity toward Jane-Finch that had cast an unreasonable racist pall on a neighborhood where thousands lived, worked, and played.