Category Archives: Indigenous History

Métis Kinship in Northwestern Ontario: A Tale of Two Families

Julia Grummitt In the late eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Métis communities emerged across a region of North America known as the historic North-West. These communities were formed by Indigenous descendants of the fur trade – the children of European fur traders and Indigenous women – who over generations of endogamy (intermarriage) developed a distinct identity as Métis with a shared culture, political… Read more »

The Continuing Relevance of Museums in Canada

      No Comments on The Continuing Relevance of Museums in Canada
Group of young university students handle archeological materials in classroom setting.

This summer, the Government of Canada helped to promote visits to museums through the Canada Strong pass. While initially focused on seven of the country’s nine national museums, other provinces and territories also opted to offer reduced and free admission. Ultimately, 87 museums across the country were part of the initiative, and early data indicates that it helped to boost attendanc. While the removal of admission fees increases accessibility, and – in turn – public enjoyment and appreciation of museums, the reality is that museums across the country are suffering from a lack of resources. To be effective stewards of the cultural heritage that they care for, museums need adequate financial support.

On the National Day of Truth and Reconciliation

      No Comments on On the National Day of Truth and Reconciliation

Ten years ago, the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) issued its final report on the history of residential schools in Canada. Mandated to “inform all Canadians about what happened in residential schools”, the “TRC documented the truth of Survivors, their families, communities and anyone personally affected by the residential school experience.” It found that residential schools were part of a… Read more »

Jean de Brebeuf: Colonial Tensions and Spiritual Healing c. 1649-1660

A colour photograph of a human skull with "Brebeuf" written across the forehead. The skill is ensconced in a highly decorated gold cabinet on a red cloth.

This case study of Jean de Brébeuf emphasizes the intricacies of colonial tensions and complicates colonial narratives and ideas of civilization hierarchies. Indigenous cannibalism was used as a means of ‘othering’ conducted by Catholic missionaries in the writings of the Jesuit Relations that recount the story of the cannibalization and martyrdom of Brébeuf and Lalement. The prescription of Brébeuf’s relics by a Catholic nun in 17th century Quebec complicates the simplicity of this process by contrasting it with the long standing European medical tradition of human consumption: corpse medicine.

Taking Care of the Truth: A Call for Collaborative, Community-Engaged Residential School Research

      Comments Off on Taking Care of the Truth: A Call for Collaborative, Community-Engaged Residential School Research
Yuusnewas logo shows four heads in a circle with a small floral figure in the middle

The Squamish Nation’s Yúusnewas project demonstrates the importance of data sovereignty, big data analysis, and the need for collaborative, community-engaged residential school research as part of the ongoing work of taking care of Survivors and everyone.

Against Lament: Developmentalism and Fourth-World Perspectives

An image of an article from the publication CUSO Bulletin. The featured image is of a 24-year old woman named Marie Smallface, of the Blackfoot Nation.

Jody Mason In her incisive discussion of Elon Musk’s recent gutting of the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Jill Campbell-Miller correctly assesses the move as motivated by MAGA-movement isolationism. She further notes that Musk’s actions are complicated by the fact that, for many decades, the aid paradigm has also been subject to substantive critique from those who, unlike… Read more »

Lessons from the Past: How Mark Carney and the Liberals Can Tackle Housing Challenges in First Nations with a Renewed Focus on Building Homes and Reconciliation

A black-and-white copy of a house blueprint. It is a modest one-and-a-half story home with a little porch. The cladding is labeled "1X8 rustic". The roof is labeled "shingles". A feature on the roof is labeled "ventilator." The whole image is labeled "perspective view."

The Indigenous and Northern Housing plan within Canada’s current National Housing Strategy is a good start, but it does not go nearly far enough to meet the long-standing housing needs of First Nations communities. With the new Liberal platform prioritizing the rapid development of affordable and sustainable homes, Prime Minister Mark Carney has a chance to begin remedying some of the historical and ongoing injustices that First Nations peoples encounter regarding housing on reserves. This can be accomplished by integrating the AFN’s proposal into the National Housing Strategy, providing a streamlined process for First Nations to benefit, and working directly with First Nations to meet the specific needs of each community, steering clear of the paternalistic dynamics that have largely fueled the housing crisis experienced by First Nations communities throughout Canada.

Twisted Truth: Understanding Robert Carney’s Legacy and Confronting the Dangers of Denialism

Head shot of Robert Carney wearing a suit and glasses.

Overall, we believe that Canadians can, and should, scrutinize Robert Carney’s past views on schooling for Indigenous Peoples, press Mark Carney to clarify his commitment to truth and reconciliation, and challenge the twisting of truth by residential school denialists. Doing all of these things can demonstrate truth and reconciliation leadership and help build a more honourable future. Unlike the denialists, then, our task is to guide public understanding with nuanced, historical work that promotes empathy, understanding, healing, and justice.

Perils of Preservation: Indigenous Cultural Landscapes, Heritage, and Vandalism

By Jacob Richard Imagine walking through the doors of the last large museum you visited. What do you see? Colourful artwork hanging off the walls? Marble sculptures along voluminous hallways? Rare cultural artifacts in neatly packed display cases? If any of this sounds familiar, your memory has betrayed you. You would have seen, first and foremost, the metal detector, the… Read more »

How I Survived: Sharing Stories about Recreation at Northern Residential and Day Schools

How I Survived was also envisioned as a way to further truth and reconciliation in this country, and engage with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s 94 Calls to Action.